'The Long-Term Effects of Nicotine'

'In the body, nicotine interacts with central scatterbrained system receptors consisting of motley combinations of alpha and genus Beta proteins. This facilitates the release of neurotransmitters much(prenominal) as dopamine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, glutamate, and serotonin. The dependance produced is similar to that of opiates and cocaine (Johnson, Rose & Westman, 1999). Pharmacologically, the nicotine produces nipings of pleasure, arousal, and relaxation, amd whitethorn improve attending and reaction measure in prone one-on-ones. Also, the use of nicotine reduces anxiousness and stress, relieves hunger, and prevents weight solve (Hunter et al., 1994). The negative proceedings of the drug entangle increased simple eye pressure, heart rate, coronary vasoconstriction, and the production of carboxyhemoglobin, which reduces the address of oxygen in the body (Ferry, Joseph, Norman, & Prochazka, 1996).\n\n non only does nicotine effect the body biologically, moreov er it has serious mind-blowing personal effects as salubrious. These psychoactive effects cause the tobacco users conduct to be reinforced, some(prenominal) validatoryly and negatively. The positive support (which causes the smoker to pauperization to smoke) means the rousing of the nicotine receptors, which promotes higher rank of self-administration of the drug. The negative reinforcement (which causes the smoker to non want to non smoke) is in the cook of withdrawal symptoms produced by chronic use. Smokers in like manner associate the refreshing effects of fume mentioned previously with the taste, smell, and feel of the smoke in their throat, as well as the manipulation of the gage materials. This is called conditioning, which is the major cause of reversion once smoking cessation has occurred (Hunter et al.).\n\nIn regulate for an individual to quit smoking, the psychological, behavioral, and strong-arm components of addiction mustiness be considered so t hat an effective treatment plan substructure be developed. The intimately successful approaches involve a combina... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:

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